Johann Christoph Röhling (27 April 1757 - 19 December 1813) was a German botanist and clergyman who was a native of Gundernhausen, a town near Darmstadt.
He studied theology in Giessen, and later taught school in Frankfurt am Main. In 1792 he became a pastor in Braubach, and in 1800, a parish priest in Breckenheim.
Röhling was the author of Deutschlands Flora, an important treatise on German flora, of which the first edition was published in 1796. He also published a work on mosses of Germany titled Deutschlands Moose (1800).